نشریه سراج منیر
سال سیزدهم شماره 49 (بهار 1402)

Interaction and conversation with others is an integral part of human life. This subject has been taken into consideration in the Holy Qur'an and the Prophet's tradition and the infallible Imams. The original version of Wahhabism, from the beginning of its existence until now, has had a negative and aggressive view towards Shia. They maintain that Shia people are not real Muslims. but care must be taken that the Wahhabis are not the same spectrum. Some of them distanced themselves from the original version of Wahhabism and call for dialogue and peace with Shia. Some Shia scholars have participated in the dialogues with some Wahhabis. This group of Wahhabis have their own reasons for dialogue with the Shia. Some of these reasons are as the following: the dialogue is a qur'anic principle, the Narrations also emphasize on the dialogue, fraternity and religious brotherhood, peaceful coexistence, common enemy, reaching unity and national dialogue.

Nawawi is one of the first-rate Sunni scholars who has some tendency toward Ash'ari and Hadith. Paying attention to quoting the Salaf and Nawawi's tendency toward Hadith has caused the Wahhabis to classify him as a Wahhabi. While with scientific investigations, it will be cleared that there is not only no compatibility between Nawawi and Wahhabism, but there is also contradiction between them. This contradiction is evident in the interpretation of Divine Monotheism. According to Nawawi, there is no clash between Divine Monotheism and intercession, Supplication from the dead and so on. But according to Wahhabism these issues are Shirk. Nawawi maintain that the key point in Divine Monotheism is to be independent of not, and the intention of worshipping plays an important role.

One of the important issues discussed in the field of criticism of Wahhabism is the issue of Tradition and Heresy. The Tradition means what has rooted in the Sharia, and Heresy is its Opposite. There are several definitions for heresy. The main axis of the definitions revolves around two issues; One is the absence of a principle in the Sharia and the other is adding something to the religion or subtracting from it by ascribing it to the Sharia. In the meantime, Wahhabis, by developing the concept of Heresy, considered many actions of Muslims as heresy. They consider doing any act that was not done during the time of the Holy Prophet, and his Companions to be heresy. on the other hand, they consider the new actions has no basis in the Sharia. Whereas we cannot claim that the new actions has no basis in the Sharia, and also if the Holy prophet did not do something it does not mean that action is forbidden.

The Wahhabis believe that the polytheists of the era of the Holy Prophet (PBH) were believing in Divine Monotheism, trying to prove their claim by referring to the verse 31 of Surah Yunus. According to them, the prophets were just calling for pure monotheism and the Muslims appealing to the Saints are worse than the polytheists at the time of the Holy Prophet Muhammad. While by carefully studying the Qur'anic verses and traditions, we come to the conclusion that the polytheists not only did not believe in monotheism of God, but also were denying it. this essay by using the Sunni Sources will consider the this Wahhabi claim. According to the verses of 31 to 36 from Surah Yunus and historic data, all the prophets were preaching Divine Monotheism and the Wahhabi claim has no basis in Islamic teachings.

The history of Wahhabis is full of destructing monuments on the grave of prophets and their companions. At his first days of his alliance with Uthman bin Muammar, the ruler of Oyaynah, Muhammad bin Abd al-Wahhab destroyed the monument on the grave of Zayd bin Khattab; In the years of Muhammad bin Abd al-Wahhab's alliance with Muhammad bin Saud, this issue turned into a common practice among the Wahhabis. After capturing Medina, they destroyed the the monuments on the Baqi Graveyard; Even now, the Wahhabis intend to destroy the monuments built on the tomb of the Holy prophet. Following the footsteps of Wahhabism, ISIS has destroyed the monuments on the graves of many righteous people in Iraq and Syria. According to the Wahhabi interpretation, building monuments on graves is a kind of heresy and polytheism. This is despite the fact that some Quranic verses indicate the permissibility of building Monuments on graves; In addition, history and the tradition of Muslims show that, from the time of the Companions until now, building monuments on graves was customary among Muslims.